Mu Rwanda ruswa isigaye ifite ibiciro bizwi

Iyo utambutse hirya no hino mu Rwanda, wumva hari abaturage bavuga ko kubona akazi ibunaka, mu kigo runaka, mu rwego cyangwa se serivisi runaka bigusaba kuba ufite amafaranga angana gutya, ibitirire bindi by’ agaciro, igitsina n’ ibindi.

Hari abavuga igiciro gihamye (fixed price) hari n’abavuga ko ari amafaranga ari hagati y’umubare runaka kugeza ku wundi.

Ruswa igaragarira mu ngeri nyinshi: kwakira amaturo (impano) anyuranye kugira ngo ukunde ukore icyo wagombaga gukora nta kiguzi, cyangwa se ureke gukora icyo ushinzwe mu nyungu z’uguhaye impano, kunyereza umutungo, icyenewabo, ikimenyane, irondakoko n’irondakarere, gutonesha, kuba nyamugwahashashe cyangwa rutemayeze, kwanga kugira icyo ukora ngo utiteranya cyangwa se kudakorera igihe ibyo ugomba gukora kugira ngo ukugana n’amara gusiragira kenshi yibwirize, n’ibindi.

Muri iki gitekerezo, umwanditsi aribanda ku ngeri ya ruswa yo kwakira amaturo (impano) anyuranye kugira ngo ukunde ukore icyo wagombaga gukora nta kiguzi, cyangwa se ureke gukora icyo ushinzwe mu nyungu z’uguhaye impano.

Kwibanda kuri iki cyiciro ntibivuze ko n’izindi ngeri za ruswa zidahari mu Rwanda. Uwakwihandagaza akavuga ko ruswa y’icyenewabo, ikimenyane n’ibindi bitari muri iki gihugu nkeka ko hari ibyo yaba yirengagije nkana.

Kuri iyi ngingo , umwanditsi ari bwibandeho ivuga ko ruswa mu gutanga iby’impano by’umwihariko amafaranga si igitekerezo cye bwite kuko Raporo y’Umuryango Mpuzamahanga Urwanya Ruswa n’Akarengane, Ishami ry’ u Rwanda (TI-Rwanda) yo kuwa 3 Ukuboza 2019 yiswe ‘Rwanda Bribery Index’ yarabigaragaje.

Uko inzego za Leta zikurikirana mu kugaragaramo ruswa (Rwanda Bribery Index 2018-2019)

1.TVETs (12.80%),
2.Traffic Police (12.40%),
3. Urwego rw’abikorera (9.90%),
4.RIB (8.50%)
5.Ubucamanza (8.30%),
6.WASAC (6.40%),
7.Ubuyobozi bw’ibanze (5.50%),
8.REG na sosiyete sivile (5.50%)
9. RURA (5%)

Iyi raporo yagaragaje ko amafaranga yose yatanzwe muri uru rwego rwa ruswa angana na 17,406,658,639. Ingingo yumvikansiha ko akayabo k’amafaranga gahererekanwa nka ruswa mu Rwanda uko umwaka utashye.

Amakuru Bwiza.com yakusanyije mu Karere ka Nyabihu ni uko kuri ubu byabaye nk’ibyemewe ko iyo umuntu runaka akeneye umwanya wo kwigisha mu mashuri abanza (A2), agomba gutanga amafaranga hagati ya F 200,000 na F 300,000, ushaka kwigisha mu mashuri yisumbuye (A1 cyangwa A0) yishyura ibihumbi F 500,000.

Abaturage bagaragara nk’ababaye ba ndabyemeye, kuko ngo ayo mafaranga baba batanze bayagaruza mu guhembwa mu gihe kitarenze umwaka. Ibi bituma bumva ko kuyatanga nta kibazo kirimo kuko ngo ari ukwirengera. Ibi ariko ni ukwimakaza akarengane n’umuco wa ruswa mu Banyarwanda.

Ikusanyamakuru rya Bwiza.com mu Karere ka Musanze rigararaza ko iki kibazo naho cyimakajwe. Abashomeri n’ababonye akazi bavuga ko kugira ngo ubone akazi mu burezi mu mashuri abanza wishyura amafaranga ibihumbi 200 na 300.

Hari abavuga ko batazabona akazi kubera ko badafite ayo mafaranga, abandi bakavuga ko baramutse babyizeye ko bakabona, ngo biteguye kugurisha n’amasambu ariko bakabona ako kazi gahoraho.

Umuyobozi w’Umuryango Mpuzamahanga Urwanya Ruswa n’Akarengane, Ishami ry’ u Rwanda (TI-Rwanda), Ingabire Marie Immaculée, ubwo yagiranaga ikiganiro n’umunyamakuru wa Radiyo na televiziyo by’igihugu mu kiganiro “Zoom In” yavuze ko ruswa yeze mu nzego zitandukanye z’igihugu nka polisi ndetse n’iz’ibanze nko mu turere mu itangwa ry’akazi mu burezi.

Yavuze ko ngo abo yaganiriye nabo, batatinye kumubwiza ukuri ko koko icyo kibazo gihari. Yababajije ukuntu bakwishyura ruswa hejuru y’umushahara muke bahembwa, bavuga ko baba bitezemo ibindi birenze umushahara nk’ubwishingizi ndetse n’inguzanyo.

Mu gushaka uruhushya rwa burundu rwo gutwara ibinyabiziga rwo ku rwego rwa B, bivugwa ko urukeneye atanga akitwa ‘akantu’ k’amafaranga ibihumbi 500,000 mbere yo kujya gukora ibizamini.

Ibi byo ntibyaba ari igitangaza kuko Polisi ishinzwe umutekano wo mu muhanda yavuzweho ruswa ku kigero cya 12.40%. Uru rwego nanone ntirujya rubura kuza ku isonga mu kurya ruswa uko umwaka utashye.

Si muri izi nzego honyine cyangwa muri utu turere twavuze hari iki kibazo cyo gushyiraho ibiciro bya ruswa bizwi ku mwanya cyangwa kuri serivisi runaka ihabwa abaturage. Ni ibintu bivugwa no mu tundi turere gusa bikamenyekana bigoranye kuko akenshi bikorwa mu ibanga rikomeye.

Ibi gusa byubaka mu mitwe y’abaturage ko kugira icyo uronka ugomba kuba witwaje ruswa nk’ingingo ikurengera. Ibi bigira ingaruka nyinshi kuko akenshi usanga byinshi bihabwa abatabigenewe.

Gutandukanya ruswa n’akarengane biragoye kuko usanga byegeranye cyangwa se kimwe gikomoka ku kindi. Ruswa ikurura akarengane nk’uko akarengane na ko gashobora kubyara ruswa igihe umuntu yiruka ku burenganzira bwe akabubona ari uko atanze akantu.

Leta yashyizeho ingamba zitandukanye mu guhashya ruswa ariko urugendo ruracyari rure. Birasaba ubukangurambaga mu baturage ngo bange gutanga ruswa ndetse n’abayisaba bakomeze bigishwe kurwanya iyo mungu y’ubukungu. Ibi bikwiriye kujyana no gukarishya ibihano bijyanye na ruswa. Ni urugamba rwa buri wese kandi rukomeza.

Indi ni uko muri uko kuyirwanya ibyo bihano bigomba gutangwa nta kubogama kubayeho kuko igihe cyose raporo y’umugenzuzi mukuru yagiye yerekana muri PAC, komisiyo y’ inteko ishingamategeko, ko umutungo wa leta wanyerejwe mu buryo bukabije ” ibifi binini” bikaba bidahanwa mu gihe aboroheje ” udufi dutoya” aribo bigirizwaho nkana.