Mu masezerano ya Paris yo mu 2016 yo kugabanya ibyuka byoherezwa mu kirere, ku isi yose ibihugu 11 ni byo bimaze gutangaza umusanzu byiyemeje mu kugabanya ibyo byuka (Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).
Leta y’u Rwanda ivuga ko yiyemeje kugabanya imyuka igihugu cyohereza mu kirere ku kigero cya 38% bitarenze mu 2030 nk’uko yabitangaje mu cyumweru gishize.
Ibikorwa bitandukanye by’abatuye Isi biri mu bituma ihura n’ingaruka z’ukwiyongera k’ubushyuhe guterwa no kwangirika kw’agakingirizo k’izuba.
Mu ngaruka abahanga bavuga ziterwa n’ihumana ry’ikirere zirimo kuba muri iki gihe hagwa imvura n’izuba bidasanzwe biboneka ku bipimo byo hejuru, bitera imfu z’abantu, iyangirika ry’ibidukikije, ihungabana ry’ubukungu n’indwara nshya z’ibyorezo.
Muri rusange, Afurika yohereza 3.7% y’ibyuka Isi yohereza mu kirere, ariko ingaruka z’ihindagurika ry’ikirere zizahaza cyane uyu mugabane.
U Rwanda muri uyu mwaka ruri mu bihugu byahuye n’ingaruka z’imvura idasanzwe kuko mu mvura yaguye mu ijoro rimwe ryo ku wa gatatu tariki 06 z’uku kwezi kwa Gatanu yishe abantu 75 mu Rwanda, yangiza byinshi birimo inzu n’imirima by’abaturage n’imihanda ibahuza.
Iyi mvura kandi yatumye mu Burundi imiryango igera ku 6,000 mu mujyi wa Bujumbura iva mu byayo.
Mu nama y’i Paris ya 2016, ibihugu by’Isi byiyemeje kugera ku kugabanya kwiyongera k’ubushyuhe ntiburenge igipimo cya rimwe n’igice (1,5 °C), ibi bihugu bikaba byizeye ko byagabanya ingaruka nk’izigaragara aruguru.
Urubuga Climate Watch ruvuga ko ibihugu bimaze gutangaza umusanzu wabyo mu kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere ku Isi ari Andorra, Chile, Suriname, Moldova, Norvège, u Buyapani, Ukraine, New Zealand, u Rwanda, Singapore, n’ibirwa bya Marshall.
Inyandiko ya Minisiteri y’ibidukikije mu Rwanda irimo ibyo u Rwanda rwemeye gukora bitarenze mu 2030, ivuga ko u Rwanda rugeramiwe cyane n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere, bityo kugira icyo rukora byihutirwa. Imibare iheruka ya 2015 yerekana ko u Rwanda rwohereza mu kirere ibyuka bingana na toni miliyoni 5,3 za ‘carbon dioxide equivalent’ (tCO2 e).
Mu Rwanda urwego rw’ubuhinzi ni rwo rwohereza imyuka myinshi ingana na 55% by’iyo myuka, rugakurikirwa n’urw’ingufu (energy) rwohereza 31% n’imyanda ifite 12%.
U Rwanda ruvuga ko “mu bisanzwe, byari biteganyijwe ko igipimo cy’iyo myuka kizava kuri miliyoni 5,3 tCO2 e mu 2015 kikagera kuri miliyoni 12.1 tCO2 e mu 2030”.
Inyandiko y’u Rwanda y’umusanzu warwo mu kugabanya iyo myuka, ivuga ko izagera kuri miliyoni 4.6 tCO2 e mu 2030 aho kuba miliyoni 12.1 tCO2 e nk’uko byari byitezwe. Ni igabanuka ringana na 38%.
Ubusanzwe, u Bshinwa na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika byonyine byihariye hejuru ya 50% y’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere bikangiza agakingirizo k’izuba bivuye ku Isi.
