Perezida w’u Burusiya Vladimir Poutine washoje intambara muri Ukraine, yashyiriweho impapuro mpuzamahanga zo kumufata kugira ngo ashyikirizwe urukiko mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha (ICC), ashinjwa ibyaha by’intambara.
Ni inyandiko yashyiriweho akurikira ibindi bikomerezwa byinshi ku Isi byazishyiriweho bene izi mpapuro ariko bikarangira ntacyo urukiko rubikozeho kubera impamvu zitandukanye zirimo no guhuzagurika cyangwa kotswa igitutu n’ibihugu bivuga ko bikomeye.
Ku ikubitiro, izo mpapuro zashyiriweho bimwe mu bihangage cyangwa se ibikomerezwa ku Isi birimo Ariel Sharon ( abaye Minisitiri w’intebe muri Israel), George Bush ndetse n’uwabaye Minisitiri w’Ingabo wa Israel.
Hagendewe ku itegeko riha ububasha inkiko z’u Bubirigi bwo gukurikirana ibyaha mpuzamahanga, aho byakorewe n’ababikoze (universal Jurisdiction), ibi bikomerezwa byashyiriweho impapuro zo kubifata, ariko Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika (USA) iza kubukanga ko buzirukanwa mu bihugu bikomeye, bifitanye amasezerano yo gutabarana (NATO), bituma rya tegeko rihindurwa igitaraganya ndetse na za mpapuro zihita zita agaciro.
Uwahoze ari Parezida wa Chile, Augusto Pinochet, yafatiwe muri Espanye kubera impapuro zo kumufata yari yarashyiriweho n’ubutegetsi bw’u Bwongereza, ariko nyuma byaje kwemezwa ko asubizwa mu gihugu cye akaburanishirizwayo ariko icyo gihe cy’ifatwa rye ari muri Espagne yahise atakaza ubutegetsi.
Ni mu gihe mugenzi we Omar Al Bashir wayoboraga Sudani, bisabwe n’akanama k’Umuryango w’Abibumbye gashinzwe umutekano, rrukiko mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha ( ICC) rwashyizeho impapuro zo kumufata. Cyakora ifatwa rye ryaragoranye cyane bigera n’aho Umuryango w’Afurika Yunze Ubumwe wemeza umwanzuro ko nta mpapuro zisaba ifatwa ry’abategetsi b’Abanyafurika zitanzwe n’Urukiko mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha (ICC) zizongera guhabwa agaciro ku mugabane wa Afurika.
Nubwo Bashir yahiritswe ku butegetsi, ariko ibirebana n’iyoherezwa rye mu rukiko i La Haye byahise bihinduka inzozi.
Na none muri izi mpirita, hanavuzwemo uwahoze ari Perezida Hussen Habré wa Tchad, aho mu gushaka kumufata, hifashishijwe rya tegeko ry’Ababirigi twavuze haruguru, noneho na we ashyirirwaho impapuro zo kumufata ariko igihugu cya Senegali yahungiyemo cyanga kumutanga. Bityo, biza kurangira ubutegetsi bwa Abdulaye Wade wayoboraga Senegali bwumvikanye n’umuryango w’Afurika Yunze Ubumwe ko hashyirwaho Urukiko ruhuriweho n’Abacamanza b’abanya Senegali n’abandi bavuye mu bindi bihugu by’Afurika, maze urwo rukiko aba ari rwo ruburanisha Habré.
Si abo gusa kuko na Abdulaye Yerodia Ndombasi wari Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’amahanga kuri Leta ya Laurent Désiré Kabila, na we yashyiriweho impampuro zo gufatwa n’inkiko z’u Bubirigi hishingikirijwe rya tegeko ubwo yakekwagaho guhamagarira iyicwa ry’Abatutsi b’Abanyamurenge muri Repubika iharanira Demukarasi ya Kongo ariko Urukiko Mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha, rukorera i La Haye mu Buholandi rwaje gutesha agaciro izo mpapuro z’ifatwa rye.
Ariko n’ubwo bimeze bitya, BWIZA yashakishije andi mateka ya vuba avuga ku bandi bategetsi bakomeye bagiye bafatwa bakiri mu myanya y’ibyubahiro byabo harimo nka Milesovic Slobodan n’abandi bategetsi bakomeye bo mu cyahoze ari Yugosilaviya.
Aba, barafashwe maze bagezwa i La Haye kuburanishwa n’Urukiko Mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yougoslavie ariko birangira Milesovic Slobodan apfuye urubanza rutarangiye.
Ni mu gihe, Laurent Bagbo wari Perezida wa Côté d’Ivoire yafashwe ari hamwe na Minisitiri we w’urubyiruko, Charles Blegoudé kubera impapuro bari bashyiriweho ariko byaje kurangira babaye abere ku byo bari bakurikiranyweho.
Si n’abo gusa kuko Charles Taylor wari Perezida wa Liberia yafatiwe muri Nigeria aguye mu mutego yatezwe na mugenzi we Oluseguni Obasanjo. Uyu yahise agezwa i La Haye kuburanishwa mu rukiko Mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha ariko birangira afungiwe mu Bwongereza aho arangiriza igihano yahawe.
Na none mu bindi bikomerezwa byashyiriweho bene izi mpapuro zibifata, bigashyikirizwa Urukiko Mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha, harimo na Jean Pierre Bemba wafashwe ari Visi Perezida wa Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo. Uyu yaje kuburanishwa n’Urukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha (ICC) ariko birangira agizwe umwere ku byaha yari akurikiranweho none akaba ari Umusenateri uhorano mu gihugu cye.
Haribazwa iki ?
Muri ibi byiciro byombi, hari n’abandi tutarondora bose bagira uruhare mu byaha mpuzamahanga, gusa umuntu yakwibaza niba Putin azatabwa muri yombi hashingiwe ku mpapuro za ICC, cyangwa se niba bitazananirana nk’uko byananiranye no ku bindi bikomerezwa.
Gusa, ikiriho nuko Abanyafurika bamaze gutakariza ICC icyizere, kuko ko nta mpapuro z’ifata zizongera kubahirizwa ku mugabane wa Afurika kuko uru rukiko rumaze imyaka n’imyaniko rubogeraho uburimiro mu gihe hari abanyabyaha bo hanze y’uyu mugabane bidegembya.
Urugero ni urw uwari Porokireri Fatou Bensouda washatse kugerageza gukurikirana ibyaha ingabo z’Amerika zakoreye muri Afganistani, Donald Trump wari Perezida wa USA agahita amuca kuzongera gukandagiza ikirenge cye i New York.
Umuntu yasoza yibaza ku iherezo ry’ububasha bw’ubucamanza mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha.