U Rwanda na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo ni ibihugu bihuriye mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari, kajahajwe n’intambara ndetse n’amakimbirane adashira.
Uburasirazuba bwa Congo bwagiye burangwa n’intureka z’imitwe yitwaje itwaro harimo n’umutwe wa FDLR wasize ukoze Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda mu 1994.
Kubera ikibazo cy’umutekano muke FDLR yagiye iteza nyuma yo guhungira muri Congo, yanagiye ishaka kongera kugaruka guhungabanya umutekano w’u Rwanda, maze bituma u Rwanda rwinjira mu ntambara ya mbere ya Congo kuva mu 1996 kugeza mu 1998.
Mu 1998 kugeza 2002 u Rwanda rwongeye kujya gusenya uriya mutwe mu ntambara ya kabiri ya Congo, abasesenguzi bise Intambara ya Gatatu y’Isi ya Afurika kuko yahuje ibihugu byinshi byo kuri uyu mugabane.
Ikibazo cy’abanye-Congo bavuga Ikinyarwanda bo mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi, ubutegetsi bwakurikiranye muri RDC bwagiye bubibasira bubashinja ko ari Abanyarwanda, kugeza magingo aya aho batemerwa nk’abenegihugu.
Ibi byagiye bituma Kinshasa ishinja Kigali kuvogera ubusugire bwayo, mu gihe ku rundi ruhande na yo yakunze gushinjwa gukomeza gufasha FDLR ndetse no kwigamba gukuraho ubuyobozi bw’u Rwanda, imvugo yagiye ikoreshwa cyane na Perezida Félix Antoine Tshisekedi.
Amasezerano y’amahoro y’u Rwanda na Congo yaba ajya guhura n’aya Camp David Amerika yagizemo uruhare
Amasezerano y’amahoro ya Misiri na Israel yarangije amakimbirane yari hagati y’ibihugu byombi yasinyiwe i Washington DC ku wa 26 Werurwe 1979, hagati ya Anwar Sadat wari Perezida wa Misiri na Manachem Begin wari Ministiri w’intebe wa Israel.
Ni amasezerano bombi bashyiriyeho umukono imbere y’uwari Perezida wa Leta z’Unzubumwe za Amerika, Jimmy Carter.
Aya masezerano yarangije intambara Israel yari imaze igihe irwanamo na Misiri, ndetse atuma habaho inyungu mu rwego rwa Dipolomasi ku buryo Ambasade zafunguwe, ikindi kuri Misiri habayeho no kongera gusubizwa ibice byose bya Sinai Israel yari yarigaruriye.
Amasezerano y’amahoro hagati y’u Rwanda na RDC na yo byitezwe ko agomba gusiga amateka, ndetse anatange inyungu n’ubwo ku rundi ruhande hari n’impungenge.
Nk’uko amasezerano ya Camp David yagize inyungu zo kongera kubanisha Misiri na Israel mu rwego rw’amahoro arambye, dipolomasi ndetse agafungura ubucuruzi hagati y’ibihugu byombi no gukorera hamwe mu rwego rw’umutekano, ntabwo yahuje Abanya-Palestine n’abanya-Israel bagikomeje guteza ikibazo ku mipaka yibyo bihugu.
Ibi biratera impungenge z’uko amasezerano y’u Rwanda na Congo na yo ashobora kudatanga amahoro arambye mu gihe ikibazo cya FDLR kizaba kitaratorerwa umuti wa burundu.
Inyungu Kuri aya Masezerano ya Washington Perezida Donald Trump akomeje gushyiramo imbaraga
Ibihugu by’u Rwanda na Congo bizubaka amahoro arambye, gutekana kw’Akarere binafungure inzira y’ubukungu bushingiye ku mutungo kamere, ndetse n’umubano ushingiye kuri dipolomasi hagati y’ibihugu byombi ushobora gusubira mu buryo.
Amerika izungukira gucukura umutungo kamere wa Congo.
Ibihugu bizafungura ubuhahirane, habeho ubufatanye mu by’umutekano nk’uko Misiri ifatanya na Israel mu kurwanya abahungabanya umutekano ku mipaka yombi.
No mu karere k’Ibiyaga bigari hazavuka umwuka utekanye, kuko kubera ubunini bwa RDC iyo ihuye n’intambara bigira ingaruka ku karere kose.
Impungenge nazo ni izo kwitegwa
Byanze bikunze akarere ntabwo kazishimira aya masezerano bitewe n’inyungu za bimwe mu bihugu byijanditse mu ntambara birwana ku ruhande rwa Congo, by’umwihariko ibituruka mu miryango ya SADC na EAC.
Ibyo bihugu bishobora kuzagira ishyari ry’ishoramari rikomeye kubera imari Amerika izashora mu Rwanda na Congo.
Ibi ni na ko byagenze ubwo Arab League yarwanyaga amasezerano ya Camp David ya Israel na Misiri.
Aya masezerano ya Washington aramutse yirengagije ikibazo cy’Abanye-Congo bo mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi bakomoka muri Kivu zombi, na byo hazahira imidugararo yatuma Kinshasa ikomeza kwikoma u Rwanda kandi harasinywe amasezerano y’amahoro.
Izindi mpungenge ni uko mu rwego rwa Politiki y’akarere (geopolitique) itoroshi ku Rwanda na RDC yazakomeza kureba ibi bihugu byombi kubera igisebo cya bimwe mu bihugu by’Uburengerazuba bw’isi byari byarafashe uruhande rwibasira u Rwanda mu binyoma byakomeje gushinja igihugu cy’Imisozi igihumbi kwiba Kongo.
Uwavuga ko igisubizo cyakemura izi mpungenge zose gishingiye ku gukemura ikibazo cya AFC/M23 ndetse n’ibibazo by’abandi banye-Congo mu rwego rwa politiki.
Ikibazo cya AFC/M23 kandi kigomba gukemurwa mu buryo burambye kugira ngo kizabe umuti ku bibazo bya Kivu zombi.
Izi ntara zahabwa umuti wo kubona ubwigenge bucagase (Semi autonomy), nk’uko Hong Kong na Makao bimeze ku Bushinwa.
Imijyi ihuriye ku Bushinwa ariko ifite imitegekere yihariye ukwayo.
Kivu zombi na zo zishobora kumera gutya, bityo zikaguma kuri Congo ariko zikagira ubuyobozi bwihariye (Special Administration) nka Hong Kong na Macao, aho usanga iyi mijyi yigenga ku ifaranga ryabo, Inteko Ishinga amategeko, umutekano, Banki zabo n’amabendera, ariko hakaba hagomba kuba hari n’iryigihugu ndetse ugasanga bihurira kuri Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga umwe.
Gutanga umuti urambye ku bibazo byabanya-Kivu zombi cyane cyane abibasirwa kubera ko bisanze hariya imipaka imaze gukatwa n’abakoroni, bizatanga umuti urambye ku masezerano y’amahoro Perezida Trump ari kugiramo uruhare, ndetse binatange umutekano urambye mu Karere.
Umusesenguzi: Rudahunga Désiré.
