Ibindi bihugu byinshi byo mu majyaruguru bigaragazwa nk’aho byenda kungana n’umugabane wa Afurika kuri iyi karita mu gihe mu by’ukuri ari bito ku butaka.
Afurika iruta inshuro eshatu Canada mu bunini kandi ikubye u Burusiya inshuro imwe n’igice, nyamara ikigereranyo cya Mercator kimaze igihe kinini gituma abanyeshuri batekereza ko ibyo bihugu byenda kungana na Afurika mu bunini cyangwa biruta Afurika.
Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe, umuryango wa politiki n’ubukungu ugizwe n’ibihugu 55 bya Afurika, wahaye umugisha ubukangurambaga bwo “Gukosora Ikarita”, usaba ko ikarita ya Mercator yasimburwa n’iya “Equal Earth”, ikarita yerekana neza ingano y’ibihugu n’imigabane mu ngano yabyo y’ukuri.
Umuyobozi mukuru w’umuryango uharanira kugaragaza ukuri kugorekwa kuri Afurika witwa Afurika No Filter, Moky Makura yagize ati: “Ingano y’ikarita ya Afurika iriho ubu ntabwo ari yo.” Ati: “Ni ubukangurambaga bumaze igihe kirekire ku Isi bw’amakuru y’ibinyoma no kuyobya, kandi bugomba guhagarara.”
Umuyobozi wungirije wa Komisiyo ya AU, Selma Malika Haddadi, yagize ati: “Bishobora kugaragara nk’ikarita gusa, ariko mu by’ukuri, si ko bimeze.” Yongeyeho ko Mercator yateje kwibeshya ko Afurika ifite agaciro gacye, nubwo ari umugabane wa kabiri munini ku Isi, ufite abaturage barenga miliyari (Miliyari n’igice mu 2024).
Ubusanzwe amakarita ntabwo yerekana neza ukuri. kugerageza kose kurambura umubumbe w’Isi ku mpapuro cyangwa kuri za ecrans bizana kugoreka ukuri mu buryo bumwe cyangwa ubundi. Ngo ni gutonora ironji hanyuma ukagerageza kurambura igishishwa ku meza.
Abashushanya amakarita bashakaga uburyo bwo kwerekana imiterere y’umubumbe w’Isi ku ikarita irambuye hamwe n’imibare yatuma aba ibikoresho byizewe byo kuyobora abantu mu ngendo.
Umushushanyi w’amakarita w’Umu- Flamand, Gerardus Mercator, igitekerezo cyagize akamaro cyane cyane mu gihe ngendo zakorwaga n’amato ariko ntibyari bisobanuye ko ibipimo yakoresheje byari ukuri 100%.
Ntibyabujije ariko ko ikarita ya Mercator ishingirwa mu kwigisha ubumenyi bw’Isi mu binyejana byinshi, bituma abanyeshuri babona ahantu nka Greenland, Canada cyangwa u Burusiya bigaragara ari binini cyane kuruta uko biri.
Kunenga ikarita ya Mercator ntabwo ari bishyashya, ariko ubukangurambaga bwa “Correct The Map”, buyobowe n’imiryango Africa No Filter na Speak Up Africa, bwatumye byongera kugibwaho impaka, busaba ko hakoreshwa amakarita ya Equal Earth yo mu 2018, agamije kwerekana ubunini bw’ibihugu bwa nyabyo.
Iyo ubipimye ugereranije n’ubutaka nyabwo, Afurika ishobora gukwirwamo Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika , u Bushinwa, u Buhinde, Arabia Saoudite, u Buyapani, ndetse n’u Burayi hafi ya bwose, ibintu amakarita ya Mercator yakwereka ko bidashoboka.
Abashushanya amakarita bakoze ibishushanyo mbonera bitandukanye mu binyejana byinshi, buri wese agashyira imbere imiterere imwe ya geographie mu gihe batamba indi. Bamwe bakomeje imiterere (shapes) nyayo ariko bagoreka ingano, mu gihe abandi bagumijeho ahantu hanyaho ariko bagoreka intera cyangwa icyerekezo.
AU n’indi miryango y’ibihugu bifuza ko amashyirahamwe nka Banki y’Isi n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye bakoresha ikarita ya “Equal Earth”. Umuvugizi wa Banki y’Isi yavuze ko basanzwe bakoresha ikarita ya Winkel-Tripel cyangwa Equal Earth kandi bagenda bareka gukoresha ikarita ya Mercator.
Nimba baraduhaye ingano y’ibinyoma y’umubumbe wa Afurika kimwe n’indi mibumbe bivuze ko n’ingano z’ibihugu tuzi ubu ari izo gushidikanwaho.
Sources: The CIA World Factbook, World Bank, The True Size of Countries, The True Size of Africa (Kay Krause)
