Mu gihe cy’amezi abiri, nta rubanda mu Rukiko rwa Rubanda rwa Paris, nta tangazamakuru, nta n’abashakashatsi nko mu zindi manza zose zidasanzwe. Nyamara, mu kuburanisha abanyarwanda Ngenzi na Barahira, bwari ubwa mbere, ubutabera bw’u Bufaransa buburanisha icyaha cya jenoside, mu izina ry’itegeko ry’ububasha mpuzamahanga. Ni ivangura ? Cyangwa se ni ukutabiha agaciro ?
Ni ku munsi wa 22 w’iburanisha. Umutangabuhamya RJD wari umaze kumvwa ni urungano rwa Ngenzi. Aracyamwita umuvandimwe, ariko « wahemutse ». Inkuru ya RJD yashegeshe benshi : yapfushije abantu barenga 100 mu muryango mugari, barimo nyina wiciwe kuri altari ya Kiliziya ya Kabarondo. Kabarondo ni n’izina rya Komini, abaregwa ubwo bwicanyi, ari bo Barahira Tito na Ngenzi Octavien, basimburanyweho ku buyobozi kuva 1976 kugeza 1994. Buri wese mu rukiko, ku buryo bwe, yagaragaje imbamutima. Kugeza ubwo na Ngenzi ubwe atitira intoki, akabura uko yifata.
Ni nde wishe abana ba Ruhumuliza Anaclet ? Iki kibazo cy’avoka wa Barahira Tito kije gitunguranye, byaba ku nteko iburanisha, byaba ku mutangabuhamya wabaraga inkuru y’urupfu rw’abatutsi bishwe na Ngenzi Octavien, Barahira Tito n’interahamwe zabo. « Ibyo umbajije bihuriye he n’urupfu rwa mama n’umuryango wanjye ? Nta cyo mpfana na Ruhumuriza n’abana be !». Uburakari n’akababaro, biri muri iki gusubizo umutangabuhamya RJD ahaye Me Alexandra Bourgeot, avoka wa Barahira, bitumye Perezida Xavière Simeoni acecekesha avoka, amusaba kutongera « gutandukira no kuvangira urukiko ».
Amasomo uriya mutangabuhamya RJD yigiye muri uru rubanza ngo ni menshi. Kimwe mu byo yabonye mu cyumba cy’iburanisha, ku kibazo cya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi, ni « ibyiciro bitatu by’abafaransa : abababajwe na jenoside, abo bitagize icyo bibwira n’abashyigikiye abayikoze ».
Urubanza rw’imibare ivuga
Imbirundwe y’amakuru akubiye mu mitumba 30 y’ibimenyetso, n’ubuhamya ku byaha byakorewe ahantu hato cyane, mu minsi 15. Mu gihe kingana n’ibyumweru 9 cyangwa se iminsi y’iburanisha irenga 40, abatangabuhamya barenga 100 bumviswe imbere y’Urukiko rwa rubanda. Barabazwa, barashimuzwa, barongera barabazwa…Kugira ngo buri wese, mu nteko iburanisha y’abacamanza batatu (3) n’inyangamugayo 9, buri wese mu bunganizi 4 b’abaregwa, buri wese mu bunganizi barenga 7 b’abaregera indishyi asobanukirwe kandi anyurwe n’ibisobanuro.
Umwe mu bunganira abaregwa we asanga urubanza nk’uru rutari mu bushobozi bw’urukiko rwa rubanda, kubera ko rushingiye ahanini ku mateka arimo amayobera menshi n’ibibazo byuzuye kandi bitera imbamutima. Uretse ko ari na bwo bwa mbere ubutabera bw’igihugu cy’u Bufaransa bwari bugiye kuburanisha icyaha cyahawe inyito ya jenoside.
Abacamanza ku ntebe y’ishuri
Urukiko rwa Rubanda rw’i Paris rwari rwubakiye ku bacamanza batatu babigize umwuga. N’abaturage b’inyangamugayo 9, n’abasimbura babo 9, baturutse mu nzego z’imirimo isanzwe. Baba abize amategeko, baba rubanda rusanzwe, bose bamaze amezi 2 bicaye, bumva amateka ya jenoside mu Rwanda, bumva ibyaha byakozwe bagombaga gufataho ibyezo. Ibyaha bifite umwambaro cyangwa se kashe y’amateka n’umuco bishya kuri bo.
Ni amezi 2 bamaze mu ishuri, kugira ngo basobanukirwe amateka ya jenoside yuzuye urujijo. Ariko cyane cyane, ryari n’ishuri bagombaga gukurikira badahuga, kugira ngo bumve neza ibikorwa n’ibimenyetso bifatika Urukiko rwa Rubanda rwagombaga gushingiraho rubyita ibyaha, rukanahana ababikoze.
Urugamba rukomeye rwabaye urw’isomo ryari rihuriweho n’abo banyeshuri n’abarimu, biganjemo abanyarwanda bahohotewe : gusimbuka inzitizi z’ururimi n’umuco ! Ku banyarwanda, hatitawe ku bufasha bw’abasemuzi, cyari ikizami gikomeye cyo kwisobanura imbere y’abantu bagengwa n’imikorere y’ubutabera itandukanye n’iy’iwabo, ariko cyane cyane abantu bahabanye ku rurimi n’umuco, imitekerereze n’imyemerere.
Na none ariko, ryari ihurizo rikomeye cyane no ku bazungu ! Uburyo abanyarwanda baganira, basubiranya. Amazina y’abantu n’ay’ahantu bishobora gutera urujijo no kwitiranya; ibibazo by’imyemerere n’amagambo arengurira ku mana, mu gihugu kitagendera ku madini. None se wasobanura ute ukuntu ri abaregwa ubwicanyi, ari abahohotewe, bose gahunda zose bazishyira mu maboko y’Imana? Abajijwe na Perezida w’urukiko igihe yumva azafungurirwa, uwitwa Ruhumuriza Anaclet, wakatiwe igifungo cya burundu yagize ati «ntegereje Imana ni yo izabigena! ». Ni mu gihe, n’umwe mu bahohotewe, watunguwe no kubona ababishe bari bafitanye ubumwe n’igihango, we asanga « Imana izabibabaza! ». Akavuga ko «nyuma y’uru rubanza rwo ku isi», abaregwa bavugamo ko babeshyerwa, «nyuma hari urundi batazabeshyerwamo».
Ivangura ritagira izina
Nyuma y’urubanza rwa Pascal Simbikangwa n’urwa Ngenzi na Barahira mu rwego rw’iremezo, abanyamategeko babiri, Rachel Lindon na Sabrina Goldman, banditse igitabo bise « Rwanda : l’indifférence, un racisme qui ne dit pas son nom (Rwanda : ntibindeba, ivangura riteruye)». Muri iki gitabo, basobanura ko hari imanza, nk’iz’abitwa ba Barbie, Touvier na Papon, zakurikiranywe umunsi ku wundi n’itangazamakuru, hakozwe inyandikomvugo zarakozwe n’ibitabo byaranditswe bijya mu mateka. Muri uru rubanza rw’abanyarwanda, nta na kimwe muri ibyo byose cyagaragaye. Nyamara, kimwe n’aba banyarwanda, bariya bagabo, barimo umudage Barbie, bose baregwaga ubufatanyacyaha mu byaha byibasiye inyokomuntu byakozwe muri jenoside yakorewe abayahudi.
Ku ruhande rwe, Hélène Dumas, umufaransakazi w’umunyamateka, umushakashatsi akaba n’umwanditsi w’ibitabo kuri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi, asanga iyi ari indi sura y’ivangura. Asobanura ko ari « ikimenyetso cya gahunda yo kugumisha abantu mu muco wa ntibindeba no guhisha amateka ya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi ». Akomeza agira ati « ni gute kundi wasobanura ukuntu igihe kinini intebe zagenewe rubanda zabaga zambaye ubusa, mu gihe haburanishwaga urubanza rudasanzwe, rugamije guhana icyaha kidasanzwe, ari cyo jenoside ? »
Amarira avuye ku mutima!
Abanyarwanda baturutse i Kabarondo bigiye kandi batungurwa na byinshi mu rubanza rwa Ngenzi na Barahira. Wari wabona avoka arira mu rukiko? Ushobora no kuba utaranabona umucamanza ukundira avoka mu rukiko bigatuma yivana mu rubanza! Nyamara bisa nk’aho hari hifujwe gukumira izo mbamutima.
Abunganira abaregwa bageze n’aho bikoma imvugo n’inkuru zimwe zashoboraga kuba igikoresho bitewe n’imbamutima bibyutsa. Wagira ngo ni uyu murongo mugari wagendeweho, ubwo urukiko « rwirengagizaga » gusuzuma ibyaha by’iyicarubozo n’icyo gusambanya abagore, nka bimwe mu bigize icyaha cya jenoside.
Nyamara, ku munota wa nyuma, ubwo urukiko rwakatira abaregwa igifungo cya burundu, na bamwe muri abo ba avoka imbamutima zarabarenze. Mu gihe, ku ruhande rw’abahohotewe, bahoberanaga bucece, ku ruhande rw’imiryango y’abaregwa habayeho amarira. Icyatunguranye ni uko bikiranyaga na Avoka wa Barahira, Me Alexandra Bourgeot, na we wananiwe kwihangana. Nyuma y’uru rubanza, umutangabuhamya RJD yemeza ko « Ayo marira ye yanyemeje ibyo nakegaga: ko bamwe mu bavoka baba batari ku kazi, ahubwo baburana ibyo bemera»
Ruri hose !
Bamwe mu ba avoka, bitwaje ko ubudahangarwa butuma badakurikiranwa kubera ibyo batangarije mu cyumba cy’iburanisha, bakunze kugaragaza ibyo bemera ku kibazo cya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi. Muri Gicurasi 2010, u Rwanda rwataye muri yombi umunyamerika Peter Erlinder wabaye avoka wa Major Aloys Ntabakuze, muri TPIR, n’Ingabire Victoire mu Rwanda. Ari imbere y’umucamanza, ni bwo yagize ati « Ubu ni bwo nkibona ko inyandiko zanjye natangaje ndi muri Amerika zari zikomeye kandi zisa n’izihakana jenoside ». Uyu mugabo Leta y’u Rwanda yamushinjaga guhakana no gupfobya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi.
Ubwo yabazwaga ku gitutu cy’amahanga ku ifungwa ry’uyu munyamerika, Madamu Louise Mushikiwabo wari Minisitiri w’ububanyi n’amahanga yagize ati « abahakana jenoside –baba abakire cyangwa ibihangange–bose abanyarwanda babafata nk’abanyabyaha bo ku rwego rwo hejuru».
